Political Sciences Literacy Terms
Socials Sciences Glossary
I am a student from Ahuntsic College and this is my last semester. This glossary contains words that might come in handy for someones that needs to describe or analyze a political social event. This will also be helpful to those interested in social and political sciences and for future law student. Some of these words come from Wikipedia as well as specialized references. If you have more difficulties in English, it would be highly advised to try reading it out loud to help with the pronunciation. Once you understand how to pronounce the word correctly, try using it in a discussion or a question!
- case law
- noun
- The theory or philosophy of law.
- Example: Jurisprudence is an important source of knowledge for a lawyer.
- en: jurisprudence

- citizen
- noun
- A legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth, either native or naturalized.
- Example: Every citizen must pay taxes.
- en: citoyen

- citizenship
- noun
- The position or status of being a citizen of a particular country.
- Example: The refugees could be granted dual citizenship.
- en: citoyenneté

- contract
- A written or spoken agreement, especially one concerning employment, sales, or tenancy, that is intended to be enforceable by law.
- Example: To open a bank account, you will need to sign this contract.
- en: Contrat
- courthouse
- A building containing the administrative offices of a county.
- Example: People go to the courthouse to get married.
- en: Palais de justice

- decision
- noun
- A formal judgment.
- Example: A decision can take time before it is shared with the public.
- en: jugement
- defendant
- noun
- The defendant is the person or entity that is being sued.
- Example: Defendants must defend or be defended against any wrong doing.
- en: l'accusé
- doctrine
- a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, political party, or other group.
- Example: The government was founded on a doctrine of equality for people.
- en: doctrine
- first nation
- noun
- Any of the groups of indigenous peoples of Canada officially recognized as an administrative unit by the federal government or functioning as such without official status. The term is generally understood to exclude the Inuit and Metis.
- Example: The prime minister delivered an official apology to the assembled leader of Canada's First Nation, Inuits and mixed Metis.
- en: première nation
- government
- noun
- The governing body of a nation, state, or community.
- Example: The government has been slow to react to the crisis.
- en: gouvernement

- illegal
- adjective
- Contrary to or forbidden by law, especially criminal law.
- Example: The police are investigation his possible illegal activity.
- en: illégal

- judge
- noun
- Public official appointed to decide cases in a court of law.
- Example: The judge is ready to give the decision.
- en: juge

- justice
- noun
- just behavior or treatment.
- Example: It is important to have a good sense of justice and fairness.
- en: justice

- law
- noun
- The system of rules which a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and which it may enforce by the imposition of penalties.
- Example: The law forbids discrimination in a work environment.
- en: législation

- lawsuit
- noun
- A claim or dispute brought to a court of law for adjudication.
- Example: A lawsuit has been filed against the company.
- en: procès
- lawyer
- noun
- A person who practices or studies law; an attorney or a counselor.
- Example: You have the right to be represented by lawyer as a citizen.
- en: avocat

- nation
- noun
- A large body of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.
- Example: Canada is a nation with a written constitution.
- en: nation

- plaintiff
- noun
- The plaintiff is a person or entity that files a lawsuit.
- Example: The plaintiff is unhappy and would like to resolve the issue.
- en: demandeur
- politics
- noun
- The activities associated with the governance of a country or other area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to achieve power.
- Example: Yet another discussion of office politics and personalities
- en: La politique

- tribunal
- noun
- A court of justice.
- Example: A decision is given in a tribunal of justice.
- en: tribunal
